Recommended health screenings.

 

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Every age. Every stage.

Health screenings are essential, lifesaving appointments. Regular screenings for breast, colorectal, gynecologic, and lung cancers can detect issues early, making treatment more effective and increasing survival rates.

 

Breast screenings: Who should get a mammogram – and when.
 

General guidelines:

  • Women ages 40 and older: Annual mammograms recommended.

Higher risk factors:

  • Family history of breast cancer.
  • Genetic mutations (e.g., BRCA1 or BRCA2).
  • Personal history of breast cancer or specific non-cancerous breast diseases.
  • Radiation therapy to the chest.
  • Lifestyle factors:
    - Obesity
    - Alcohol consumption.
    - Hormone replacement therapy.

Learn more about breast cancer.

 

Colorectal screenings: Who should get a colonoscopy – and when.
 

General guidelines:

  • Adults ages 45 and older.

Higher risk factors:

  • Personal or family history of colorectal cancer or polyps.
  • Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) such as Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis.
  • Genetic syndromes such as familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) or Lynch syndrome.
  • African Americans: Slightly higher risk and may need to start screening earlier.
  • Men only: history of prostate cancer.

Learn more about colorectal cancer.

 

Gynecological screenings: Pap smear guidelines by age.

 

For women under 21:

  • Pap smears generally not recommended unless there are specific risk factors or symptoms.
  • Risk factors include:
    - Previous abnormal Pap smear.
    - HPV infection.
    - Immunocompromised status.

For Women Aged 21-29:

  • Pap smear every 3 years recommended.
  • HPV testing not usually required unless abnormal Pap results.
  • Risk factors:
    - Multiple sexual partners.
    - Early sexual activity.
    - Smoking.

For Women Aged 30-65:

  • Pap smear alone every 3 years.
  • OR pap smear with HPV testing (co-testing) every 5 years.
  • OR HPV testing alone every 5 years.
  • Risk factors:
    - Persistent HPV infection.
    - History of sexually transmitted infections (STIs).
    - Immunosuppression.
    - Smoking.

For Women Over 65:

  • Pap smears may be discontinued if previous screenings have been consistently normal.
  • Women with a history of cervical cancer, or who have not been adequately screened, may need continued screening.
  • Risk factors:
    - Previous cervical abnormalities.
    - Persistent HPV infection.
    - Immunocompromised status.

Learn more about gynecological cancers.

 

Lung cancer screening: Low-dose computed tomography (LDCT).

 

General guidelines:

  • Annual screenings are recommended if:
    - You are a current smoker or have quit smoking within the last 15 years.
    - You have a history of heavy smoking and are between the ages of 50 and 77.

Higher Risk Factors:

  • Smoking(the most significant risk factor for lung cancer).
  • Exposure to secondhand smoke.
  • Occupational exposure to carcinogens such as asbestos, radon, arsenic, or diesel exhaust.
  • Family history of lung cancer.
  • Personal history of certain lung diseases like COPD or pulmonary fibrosis.
  • Previous radiation therapy to the chest.

Learn more about lung cancer screenings.